Two articles shed new light on the genetic mechanisms underlying cellular energy and metabolism and, at the same time, highlight both the challenges and opportunities of genetic approaches to cancer treatment.
An entire group of millipedes previously unknown in Australia has been discovered by a specialist – on museum shelves. Hundreds of tiny specimens of the widespread tropical family Pyrgodesmidae have been found among bulk samples in two museums, showing that native pyrgodesmids are not only widespread in Australia's tropical and subtropical forests, but are also abundant and diverse. The study has been published in the open access journal ZooKeys.
For many diabetics, monitoring their condition involves much more than adhering to a routine of glucose sensing and insulin injections. It also entails carefully monitoring the ongoing toll this disease takes on their body. An innovative new optical diagnostic tool may soon make it easier to diagnose and monitor one of the most serious complications of diabetes, peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
Dark chocolate lovers can handle a wider range of bitter tastes before rejection compared to milk chocolate fans, according to food scientists.
Scientists' discovery of an important step in the body's process for healing wounds may lead to a new way of treating inflammation.
Clinical trials can be time-consuming, expensive and intrusive, but they are also necessary. Researchers have developed an invention that makes clinical trials more efficient by moving them into the virtual world.
(Phys.org)—A team of researchers has developed a method to successfully predict the structures of artificial proteins, a breakthrough that could yield valuable methods for making pharmaceuticals and other chemicals that require precise assembly of complex structures.
A study has discovered how tamoxifen-resistant breast-cancer grows and proliferates. It also identifies an experimental agent that might offer a novel targeted therapy for tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer.
New research examines why some cancer vaccines are not effective, while identifying a new therapeutic strategy for treating autoimmune problems. Scientists suggest that even early stage cancer produces a negative immune response from dendritic cells. Although problematic for cancer treatment, these cells could be valuable tools for preventing the immune system from attacking what it should not, as is the case with autoimmune disorders and organ transplants.
The policies that several U.S. states have adopted giving tax deductions or credits to living organ donors do not appear to have increased donation rates. A new study has found little difference in the annual number of living organ donations per 100,000 population between the 15 states that had enacted some sort of tax benefit as of 2009 and states having no such policy at that time.
Future monitoring of marine biodiversity and resources may use DNA traces in seawater samples to keep track of fish and whales in the oceans. A half liter of seawater can contain evidence of local fish and whale faunas and combat traditional fishing methods.
Researchers have documented a remarkable diversity of cuckoo bees in the Cape Verde Islands. All five discovered species are entirely new to science and highlight the unique biota of this isolated archipelago.
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